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Human Health and Environmental Relative Risks of WNV Mosquito Control Products
Appendix VI. Use Directions and Estimated modExposures
Section 1 Conversion Factors (65, 67) |
TO CONVERT |
INTO |
MULTIPLY BY |
Acres (A) |
square meters (m 2 ) |
4,047 |
cubic meters (m 3 ) |
Liters (L) |
10 3 |
gallons (gal) |
liters (L) |
3.785 |
kilograms (kg) |
milligrams (mg) |
10 6 |
kilograms (kg) |
pounds (lbs) |
2.205 |
Liters (L) |
gallons (gal) |
0.2642 |
milligrams (mg) |
grams (g) |
10 -3 |
milligrams (mg) |
kilograms (kg) |
10 -6 |
milligrams (mg) |
micrograms (ug) |
10 3 |
millimeters of mercury (mmHg) |
Pascal (pa) |
133.3 |
parts per million (ppm) (mg/kg; mg/L) |
parts per billion (ppb) (ug/kg; ug/L) |
10 3 |
Pascal (Pa) |
millimeters of mercury (mmHg) |
0.0075 |
pints (pts) |
gallon (gal) |
0.125 |
pounds (lbs) |
kilograms (kg) |
0.373 |
Appendix VI. Table 1. Organophosphates; Use Directions; modified Exposure factor
|
Brand Name
|
EPA Registration #
|
% Active Ingredients
|
Label Information (Highest rates) |
Calculated |
Method |
Rate from label |
lb ai/gal |
lb/Acre |
mg/A |
| Atrapa ULV |
1812–407 |
95% Malathion |
Ground |
4 fl oz/A |
9.79 |
0.31 |
140,614
|
| Fyfanon ULV |
4787–8 |
96.5% Malathion |
Aerial |
3 fl oz/A |
9.9 |
0.231 |
105,407 |
| Ground thermal |
8 fl oz/gal; 40 gal/hr; 5 mph; 300 ft swath |
0.14 |
63,956 |
| Ground non-thermal |
2.1 fl oz/min; 1 gal/hr; 5 mph; 300 ft swath |
0.054 |
24,422 |
| Clean Crop Malathion ULV |
34704–565 |
95% Malathion |
Aerial |
3 fl oz/A |
9.79 |
0.23 |
104,614 |
| Ground |
8 fl oz/gal; 40 gal/hr; 5 mph; 300 ft swath |
0.135 |
61,335 |
| Cheminova Fyfanon 8EC |
67760–4 |
81.27% Malathion |
Ground |
9.6 fl oz/A |
8 |
0.6 |
272,155 |
| Dibrom Concentrate |
5481–480 |
87.4% Dibrom |
Ground |
0.02 lb/A |
- |
0.02 |
9,072 |
| Aerial |
0.1 lb/A |
- |
0.1 |
45,359 |
| Trumpet EC |
5481–481 |
78% Dibrom |
Ground |
0.02 lb/A |
- |
0.02 |
9,072 |
| Aerial |
0.1 lb/A |
- |
0.1 |
45,359 |
| Dibrom 8 Emulsive |
5481-479 |
62% Dibrom |
Ground or Aerial |
0.1 lb/A |
7.5 |
0.1 |
45,359 |
Appendix VI. Table 2. Synthetic Pyrethroids; Use Directions; modified Exposure factor |
Brand Names
|
EPA registration #
|
% Active Ingredients
|
Label Information (Highest Rates) |
Calculated |
Application Method |
From label |
lb ai/gal |
lb/Acre |
mg/A |
Aqua Permanone (Aqua-Reslin) |
432-796 |
20% Permethrin
20% PBO
|
Ground or Aerial |
0.007 lb/A |
1.67 |
0.007 |
3,175 |
Permanone 10% E.C. (Flit 10 EC)
|
4816-688-8323 4816-688-8329
|
10% Permethrin |
Ground |
0.007 lb/A |
- |
0.007 |
3,175 |
Permanone 31-66 |
432-1166 |
31.28% Permethrin
66% PBO
|
Ground or Aerial |
0.007 lb/A |
2.86 |
0.007 |
3,175 |
Permanone RTU |
432-1182 |
3.98% Permethrin
8.48% PBO
|
Ground |
0.007 lb/A |
0.289 |
0.007 |
3,175 |
Anvil 10+10 (not registered 2000) |
1021-1688-8329 |
10% Phenothrin
10% PBO
|
Ground or aerial |
0.0035 lb/A |
0.74 |
0.0035 |
1,587 |
Scourge 18%+54 MF |
432-667 |
18% Resmethrin
54% PBO
|
Ground or Aerial |
0.007 lb/A |
1.51 |
0.007 |
3,175 |
Scourge 4%+12% MF |
432-716 |
4.14% Resmethrin
12.42% PBO
|
Ground or Aerial |
0.007 lb/A |
0.3 |
0.007 |
3,175 |
Appendix VI. Table 3. Mosquito Larvicide Products Use Directions; Estimated Environmental Concentration (EEC) (a) |
Bti |
EPA # |
% AI |
Application method |
Rate |
lb ai/gal |
ITU/acre Calculated |
EEC |
Vectobac CG |
73049-19 |
0.2 % Bti |
Ground or aerial |
20 lbs/A |
0.091 billion ITU (a) lb |
1.82 billion ITU/A |
NA |
Vectobac G |
73049-10 |
0.2 % Bti |
Ground or aerial |
20 lbs/A |
0.091 billion ITU/lb |
1.82 billion ITU/A |
NA |
BMP 144 (2x) |
62637–1 |
1.2 % Bti |
Ground or aerial |
2 pts/A |
4.84 billion ITU/gallon |
1.21 billion ITU/A |
NA |
Vectobac 12 AS |
73049-38 |
1.2 % Bti |
Ground or aerial |
2 pts/A |
4.84 billion ITU/gallon |
1.21 billion ITU/A |
NA |
B. sphaericus |
EPA # |
% AI |
Application method |
Rate |
lb ai/gal |
ITU/acre Calculated |
EEC |
Vectolex CG Biological Larvicide |
73049-20 |
7.5% B. sphaericus |
Ground or aerial |
20 lbs/A |
0.023 billion BsITU/Lb |
0.46 billion BsITU/A |
NA |
| Tires, dumps etc. |
80 lbs/A |
1.84 billion BsITU/A |
NA |
Vectolex WDG |
73049-57 |
51.2 % B. sphaericus |
Ground or aerial |
1.5 lbs/A |
0.299 billion BsITU/lb |
0.45 billion BsITU/A |
NA |
Methoprene |
EPA # |
% AI |
Application method |
Rate |
lb ai/gal or g/lb |
mg/acre Calculated |
ug/L (ppb) (c) |
Zoecon Altosid Briquets |
2724–375 |
8.63 % Methoprene |
Ground |
1 briquet/75 gal 1 briquet/284 L |
5.4 g/briquet 5400 mg/briquet |
NA |
8.1 (22b) 4.0 (42)
|
Zoecon Altosid XR Briquet |
2724–421 |
2.1 % Methoprene |
Ground |
1 briquet/100 ft 2 |
764 mg/briquet |
NA |
8.1 (22b) 0.7 (42)
|
Zoecon Altosid pellets |
2724-448 |
4.25 % Methoprene |
Ground or Aerial |
10 lbs/A |
19.3 g/lb (42) |
NA |
1.94 (22b)
2.0 (42)
|
Zoecon Altosid XR-G |
2724–451 |
1.5 % Methoprene |
Ground or aerial |
20 lbs/A |
6.8 g/lb (42) |
NA |
0.3 (22b) |
POE MMF |
EPA # |
% AI |
Application methods |
Rate |
Specific gravity |
mg/acre Calculated |
EEC (a) |
Agnique MMF 5996 |
52263-28 |
100 % POE MMF |
Ground or aerial |
1 gal/A |
0.91 |
3,445 |
5.7 or 0.46 |
Temephos |
EPA # |
% AI |
Application methods |
Rate |
lb ai/gal |
mg/acre Calculated |
EEC (a) |
5% Skeeter Abate |
8329–15 |
5 % Temephos |
Ground |
0.5 lbs ai/A |
solid |
226,800 |
366 or 31 |
Clarke 2% Skeeter Abate |
8329–16 |
2 % Temephos |
Ground or aerial |
0.5 lbs ai/A |
solid |
226,800 |
366 or 31 |
- EEC = Estimated Environmental Concentration calculated using EPA methodology (23).
- Not applicable for biological larvicides
- Slow release formulations, EEC is the maximum concentration from Wellmark's data submission (22b)
NEXT: Appendix VII: Relative Risks 
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